Emmanuel Macron faces increasing pressure to discuss reparatory justice for France's historical role in the slave trade as he marks the 25th anniversary of a law recognizing slavery as a crime against humanity. Demands for a formal discussion on addressing the legacies of enslavement are growing amid rising political tensions in France.
Key points
Macron faces pressure for reparatory justice discussions
25th anniversary of law recognizing slavery as a crime
Growing demands for addressing legacies of enslavement
Political tensions rise ahead of the 2027 presidential election
France abstained from a UN vote on slavery's historical wrongs
Mentioned in this story
Emmanuel MacronChristiane TaubiraUN
Emmanuel Macron is under pressure to open discussions on reparatory justice for France’s role in hundreds of years of enslavement of African people as he makes a key speech on the legacy of slavery.
On Thursday the French president will celebrate the 25th anniversary of France becoming the first country in the world to recognise the slave trade and slavery as crimes against humanity in a 2001 law brought by Christiane Taubira, a leading MP from French Guiana.
Macron’s office said “the memorial work around the question of slavery and the slave trade is a permanent project of recognition for the president”.
As he enters his final months as president, however, demands are growing on Macron to launch a formal discussion process on how to address the legacies of enslavement in French society. France is facing a political row over racism in politics, the media and society, and the far right is polling high in the run-up to the 2027 presidential election.
The sense of urgency comes amid anger in France that its representatives – alongside those of UK and other European nations – abstained in March’s UN vote to describe the transatlantic chattel slave trade as the “gravest crime against humanity” and call for reparations as “a concrete step towards remedying historical wrongs”.
Emmanuel Macron stands outside the Élysée Palace with his hands clasped in front of his body. He wears a grey suit and dark tie.
Emmanuel Macron’s office said: ‘The memorial work around the question of slavery and the slave trade is a permanent project of recognition for the president.’ Photograph: Liam McBurney/PA
Victorin Lurel, a Guadeloupe senator, wrote in an open letter to Macron that had committed a “moral, historic, diplomatic and political mistake” in abstaining and had “tarnished” its image internationally.
Q&A
What is Emmanuel Macron being pressured to discuss regarding slavery?
Emmanuel Macron is under pressure to open discussions on reparatory justice for France's role in the slave trade.
What anniversary is Macron celebrating related to slavery?
Macron is celebrating the 25th anniversary of France's recognition of the slave trade and slavery as crimes against humanity.
Why is there urgency for reparatory justice discussions in France?
There is urgency due to rising political tensions and demands for addressing the legacies of enslavement as the 2027 presidential election approaches.
What recent UN vote did France abstain from regarding slavery?
France abstained from a UN vote that described the transatlantic chattel slave trade as the 'gravest crime against humanity' and called for reparations.
Afghan women’s refugee team returns to world cricket post Taliban exclusion
Afghanistan's displaced female cricketers will tour England next month, marking their return to international cricket after being excluded by the Taliban. The tour includes Twenty20 matches and training opportunities, culminating in attendance at the Women's T20 World Cup final.
From the 16th to the 19th centuries, France was the third largest trafficker of enslaved people across the Atlantic and Indian oceans among the European nations, after Portugal and Britain. France was responsible for kidnapping and enslaving about 13% of the estimated 13 to 17 million men, women and children forced from Africa across the Atlantic.
Among those calling for a process of dialogue in France is Dieudonné Boutrin, who heads the International Federation of Descendants of the History of Slavery and is a descendant of enslaved Africans who were trafficked from Benin to the French Caribbean island of Martinique. Boutrin works alongside Pierre Guillon de Princé, a descendant of 18th-century slave-ship owners in Nantes, who last month made a formal apology for his ancestors’ role in transporting about 4,500 enslaved Africans to the Caribbean, at least 200 of whom died at sea.
Boutrin and Guillon de Princé wrote to Macron this month asking him to initiate discussions on reparatory justice. They said this would “restore trust between our communities, acknowledge the reality of history, foster a spirit of brotherhood, and heal the psychological wounds suffered by communities of colour who have been made to feel inferior. Slavery is a wound whose scars are still visible through racism, the spread of which we have so far been unable to halt.”
Aïssata Seck, the director of France’s Foundation for the Remembrance of Slavery, an advisory body to the government partly funded by the state, and its president, the former prime minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, published an open letter to Macron last month asking for France to take the lead in opening up dialogue on how to address and repair the racism and inequality that are legacies of enslavement.
Paris is regarded as crucial to the global discussion on reparations, because several “overseas departments and regions” remain part of France, such as the Caribbean islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and the Indian Ocean islands of Réunion and Mayotte. In these places, structural inequalities and disparities on employment, health, the cost of living, pollution and environmental safety are seen by local parliamentarians as a direct legacy of the mechanisms of enslavement and colonialism.
France is also facing demands for potentially billions of dollars in reparations to Haiti, after it imposed a harsh financial penalty on the country in 1825 to compensate owners of enslaved people after the Haitian revolution. That debt, which many Haitians blame for two centuries of turmoil, was only fully repaid to France in 1947. In 2025, Macron announced a joint commission with Haiti to examine the issue, with conclusions due by the end of this year.
France was the only country to bring back slavery, when Napoleon reinstated it in 1802 after a first attempt to ban it in 1794. Slavery was finally abolished in 1848, with compensation awarded to the owners of enslaved people.
