Uranium and control of strait of Hormuz key as talks to end US-Iran war continue

Future control over the strait of Hormuz and a demand from Washington that Tehran export its stockpile of highly enriched uranium remain key stumbling blocks, as Pakistani mediators continued to seek a permanent ceasefire they believe is still within reach between the US and Iran.

Meanwhile, Israel and Iran each fear the other is about to launch a surprise attack on its territory while the US president, Donald Trump, continues to insist a fresh assault on Iran is an option available to him.

The Pakistani interior minister, Mohsen Naqvi, met the Iranian foreign minister, Abbas Araghchi, for the second time in two days in a bid to secure a breakthrough in talks, and it is still possible that a delayed visit to Tehran by Field Marshal Asim Munir, the commander of the Pakistani army, will signal progress is being made.

Munir had been due in Tehran on Thursday, but a lack of progress in the talks postponed his arrival and it may be that Pakistan will try to bring in China as a mediator. Pakistan’s prime minister, Shehbaz Sharif, is due in Beijing on Saturday.

Iran has emphasised it is seeking to postpone all talks on its nuclear program and focus instead on a permanent cessation of hostilities that it hopes will include a phased lifting of US sanctions, unfreezing of frozen Iranian assets, compensation for US-Israeli war damage, and commitments not to resort to force in future. The future management of the strategic strait of Hormuz is a key point of dispute, with Pakistan floating plans for joint control under UN auspices

Tehran has also proposed that its recently created Persian Gulf Strait Authority take responsibility for the channel, in which fees would be charged and ships would have to follow instructions from over selected transit routes. The Iranian ambassador to France confirmed that Iran was seeking Oman’s cooperation with the plan.

Five Gulf states have written a letter to the International Maritime Authority, a global shipping watchdog, urging merchant and commercial ships not to engage with the PGSA.

The list of signatories are Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. It does not include Oman, but Oman, which under the proposal would be the authority on the south side of the strait, is wary of Teheran’s proposal.

In their letter, the five states warn: “Iran’s purported route should be seen for what it is, an attempt to control traffic through the strait by forcing vessels to use a route within its territorial waters, which can be exploited for monetary gain through the imposition of toll fees. Any understanding or recognition of Iran’s proposed route and PGSA as an alternative would set a dangerous precedent.”

At a Nato foreign ministers meeting in Sweden the US secretary of state, Marco Rubio warned: “Iran is trying to create a tolling system. They’re trying to convince Oman… to join them in a tolling system in an international waterway. There is not a country in the world that should accept that.”