UK and EU close in on agricultural deal to reduce Brexit barriers

A new agriculture agreement with the EU would not wipe out all Brexit paperwork but may greatly increase sales of Scottish langoustines and oysters, the House of Lords has heard.

The UK and EU are close to finalising a sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) agreement to reduce Brexit trade barriers, and while it will have “modest” impact on the UK economy the agreement will be significant, peers on the European affairs committee were told on Tuesday.

It would spell the end of physical checks on farm produce and the end of the need for veterinary certificates, which cost £200 each.

It could also remove the need to label food as “Not for EU”, which has been “a significant problem” for wholesalers and distributors, said William Bain, head of trade policy at the British Chambers of Commerce.

Bain, who is Scottish, said it could reopen the door for exports of Scottish langoustines and molluscs. Before Brexit, they would be fished and diners in Paris could be eating them within a day. Many exports stopped because border checks reduced the seafood’s shelf life.

However, an SPS deal would not be erase all paperwork, with British exporters still having to fill out customs, VAT, and safety and security declarations.

Labour’s plan to reduce trade barriers for food exporters would mean applying all future EU rules and regulations in relation to farm produce under what is known as “dynamic alignment”.

Under negotiation is an agreement to accept the 76 laws that have either been passed in Brussels or from which the UK has already diverged in the farm food area.

On Tuesday, peers were told that the UK could have pursued an alternative path such as the “mutual recognition” of food standards that supports trade between New Zealand and the UK.

That would have removed the need for dynamic alignment with the EU, said Shanker Singham, chair of the Growth Commission and a past adviser to some MPs on alternative arrangements for Brexit in Northern Ireland.

He said the UK had significant commercial heft in talks, with about 23% of the EU’s global exports of agrifood going to the UK – with “much less” going the other way.

This is partly because the EU implemented all Brexit rules in Dover and beyond from day one, with up to 20,000 British businesses stopping exports to the bloc as a result. The UK, however, never applied the border controls in the same way, eventually opting for random inspections on fresh food.

Singham said the trade imbalance gave Keir Starmer a huge buyer’s advantage in talks. “The interesting thing here is that the UK government hasn’t really used the leverage it has,” he said.