Healthcare students in Wales express disappointment over a recruitment freeze, prompting some to seek work abroad. University-run paramedic courses will be paused from September due to insufficient job availability.
Key points
Healthcare students in Wales face a recruitment freeze
University-run paramedic courses will be paused from September
Students feel left in limbo regarding job opportunities
Swansea University and Wrexham University offer paramedic courses
Mentioned in this story
NHSSwansea UniversityWrexham University
"A career for life" - this is what many students were told when applying for healthcare degrees.
But a week ago, a trainee paramedic spoke to the BBC about how she is now looking for work abroad because of a recruitment freeze in Wales.
The story resonated with many people, and dozens studying midwifery, physiotherapy, nursing and other healthcare degrees got in touch, saying they too felt they had been left in limbo.
It has now been announced university-run paramedic courses in Wales will be paused from September because there are not enough jobs available.
The Paramedic Science courses are currently run at Swansea University and Wrexham University.
The HEIW said the decision, made with the Welsh government and the Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust (WAST), was "to reduce competition for vacancies over the next few years" and "improve employment opportunities".
WAST confirmed recruitment of more paramedics will be "extremely limited this year, reflecting a wider UK trend".
The Welsh and UK governments said they are working with universities, health boards and graduates to get people into work.
Students in England and Scotland also described how they feared there would be no jobs for them at the end of their degrees, with one woman describing how her heart breaks for her son, who is working in Starbucks and considering moving to Canada so he can use his physiotherapy degree.
"It's awful, it's such a let-down. So disappointing," said Emma Coomer, 41, from Aberdare, Rhondda Cynon Taf, who left a full-time job with a good wage and regular hours at a GP practice to study for a nursing degree at the University of South Wales.
"I gave that up because I wanted to be a nurse, but juggling shifts and weekends, missing things with the children has been hard," said the mum-of-two.
"All the way along I've sort of said it'll be worth it.
"In the end I'll have a good job, a good income, I've been trying to better our lives."
But as the course nears its end, and at a point when most students usually have jobs lined up, many don't - leaving them confused.
Emma added: "We were told not to panic.
"It will turn a lot of people away from nursing.
"So the NHS will be in an even worse state than it is now."
As many as half of all new nursing graduates could be left without work, the Royal College of Nursing Cymru said earlier this month, adding that the lack of jobs represented "a serious failure of workforce planning".
Q&A
Why are healthcare students in Wales feeling let down?
Healthcare students in Wales feel let down due to a recruitment freeze that limits job opportunities, leading some to consider working abroad.
What impact does the recruitment freeze have on paramedic courses in Wales?
The recruitment freeze has led to the announcement that university-run paramedic courses in Wales will be paused from September due to a lack of available jobs.
Which universities in Wales offer Paramedic Science courses?
Paramedic Science courses are currently offered at Swansea University and Wrexham University.
What are healthcare students in Wales doing in response to the job market?
In response to the challenging job market, some healthcare students in Wales are actively seeking employment opportunities abroad.
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Chloe Hurst, 20, from Powys, is in her final year studying physiotherapy at Cardiff University and feels disillusioned.
She said there are currently no Band 5 physiotherapy jobs available in Wales, despite these roles usually being open at this stage.
Instead, graduates have been encouraged to apply for Band 3 and 4 positions - roles that do not require a degree.
She said even these jobs with health boards are scarce.
As a recipient of a Welsh NHS bursary, Chloe said it was frustrating that she cannot apply for roles across the border in England.
"I'm very much a home person, so aside from the whole financial thing, it was a big deal, me moving away from like a rural area to a city," she added.
"So knowing that I put myself through that to maybe not even get a job at the end, that is bigger for me than the money side of things."
She said she will apply for anything, even outside healthcare, just "to show I'm trying" and is hoping she will be allowed by bursary bosses to apply for jobs regardless of location.
"It's a waiting game and there's not really much we can do about it," she added.
More than 80% of its members believe staffing levels are insufficient to meet patient needs, while many have seen colleagues leave the NHS because workloads have become increasingly overwhelming, it said.
Estelle Bellamy, 54, described how her heart breaks watching son Ben working in Starbucks after completing his physiotherapy degree.
Ben, from Lancashire, graduated from Manchester Metropolitan University last June after funding his studies himself.
"He worked his little socks off, he gave everything," she said, adding he was "desperate" to start work.
Estelle contributed £600 a month, alongside a small NHS bursary of around £1,000 a term, and she said: "I couldn't care less about the money if he'd got a job.
"It was an investment to me and something that he wanted to do, his passion.
"Why are the NHS funding graduates if they can't give them any jobs?"
Initially aiming for sports or gym work, Ben shifted towards respiratory and stroke care after hospital placements, finding it "really rewarding".
Despite multiple applications and a few interviews, he hasn't found work.
"My heart breaks for him because I wonder how long he will keep his hopes up," she said.
"It's all really sad and frustrating and bless his cotton socks, he is just beside himself at the minute, like just desperately wants to get on the ladder."
Estelle said he was now considering opportunities abroad, having reached interview stage in British Columbia.
"So it seems like there's more opportunity for them in Canada than in our own country," she explained.
"I just think it is just absolutely ridiculous."
Other students from England got in touch to describe similar issues.
A 22-year-old student from Cambridgeshire said she and other final-year students had been left with "zero information" about jobs, adding pressure during exams and as they prepare dissertations.
She completed almost 1,000 unpaid placement hours as a paramedic, adding: "The thought that I could have tried so hard, put the time and all my energy in for three years and not get a job at the end of it is crazy.
"It's ridiculous that politicians talk about trying to reduce ambulance wait times and hospital wait times and then refuse to give these sectors more money to hire more staff.
"We only want to help the sick and vulnerable and we're being denied that opportunity to help our communities."
A mother of a student paramedic in Bristol said they were told in February there would be no recruitment for the 2026 cohort.
Her daughter will leave with £60,000 debt, and she added: "They've been out there working from the age of 18 or 19 on placement, seeing the most horrific things and it honestly feels like they're just being thrown on the scrap heap."
A 36-year-old woman from Oxfordshire said she qualified as a paramedic last June but has still not found work.
"I now owe £66,000 (which is ever growing due to interest), work a minimum wage job after making significant sacrifices to study and qualify with two children and a mortgage," she added.
A student midwife from south Wales said she is "in the dark" over whether there will be a job at the end of her course.
"For me it will have been five years of my life that I've put on hold, where I haven't gone and joined the property ladder, I haven't gone ahead and had children because I wanted to put this first," she said.
"It's causing a lot of distress, like arguments in the house, where I'm stressed.
"My partner's trying to tell me to keep calm is fine. It's just been sleepless nights, tears."
It is a similar picture for some north of the border, with a 28-year-old saying: "This resonates with me as a third year paramedic student in Scotland.
"We've been told there are no jobs and we should consider moving if we want to get one.
"I have carer responsibilities for my mum and I'm unable to move, so I've been training for three years for what feels like nothing."
A 59-year-old from Glasgow with more than 20 years experience mentoring trainee paramedics believes many have struggled to make a career of it.
He said: "Most students are very enthusiastic, can't wait to qualify as a paramedic, but sadly, at the end of the course, not all then get the chance to be a paramedic.
"Hopes dashed, most will move on to pastures new, never having the chance to fulfil their dream."
On the decision to pause courses for the 2026-27 year, a spokesperson for HEIW said: "This decision aims to improve employment opportunities for current and future graduates and better align workforce supply with demand.
"HEIW recognises this is an uncertain time for students and graduates. Pausing new student intake is considered the most responsible step to reduce competition for vacancies over the next few years, and support current and upcoming graduates into employment.
"HEIW and WAST are working closely to identify potential employment opportunities in ambulance services and across wider health and care settings. Some graduates might still secure paramedic roles, but this may take time."
In Wales, a new Welsh government will be formed and become largely responsible for tackling issues with NHS recruitment following May's Senedd election.
The last government, run by Labour, said in April: "We are committed to ensuring that our significant investment in NHS education and training is matched by meaningful employment opportunities, and we do not underestimate the impact on individuals or on services if newly qualified nurses are unable to secure posts.
"We are working closely with health boards, HEIW and universities to address these challenges and support graduates."
The UK government said it "recognises the vital role of hard-working NHS staff" and has introduced measures to support students, universities and educators as they move into work.
It also highlighted the Graduate Guarantee and plans for a 10 Year Workforce Plan to ensure "we have the right people in the right places, with the right skills to care for patients, when they need it".
The Scottish government has also been asked to comment.
Because we talk so frequently about the pressures on frontline NHS staff, it might seem odd, at best, that we encounter a situation where so many healthcare students are getting in touch to complain about a lack of vacancies.
There are a number things at play.
Because it takes a number of years to train a healthcare worker, predictions have to be made some years in advance.
So I'm told, some of the assumptions about how many staff would be needed now were made during the pandemic.
Remember, that was a time of significant stress - when turnover rates in some healthcare professions were higher than now.
The Royal College of Paramedics, for example, has been warning about similar issues across the UK.
Also, all health organisations have to live within their budgets.
And with many health boards facing significant overspends, one way of cutting costs over the short term is to freeze some recruitment.
But this story will do little to allay the concerns of those who've called for a stronger NHS workforce strategy - to set out more clearly how many staff, of what type, are needed where to improve care.
Meanwhile, each of the political parties claim to have solutions - and are also keen to point out how much they value NHS staff.
Ahead of the Senedd election, the Welsh Conservatives said with NHS pressures and long patient waits, the situation is "deeply concerning", and it would declare a "health emergency" to tackle it.
The Welsh Liberal Democrats said NHS mismanagement was leaving graduates in limbo, calling it a "betrayal of a generation".
Reform Wales said the last government "betrayed" new health professionals and wasted taxpayers' money, while the Wales Green Party said it had "great sympathy for healthcare students".
Welsh Labour said it was "committed" to ensuring that "talent trained in Wales stays in Wales", adding it will "recruit, train and retain the staff our NHS needs through a long-term workforce plan".
Plaid Cymru said it would create a new comprehensive national workforce strategy, ensuring NHS staffing needs are met, and "students in Wales aren't forced to leave the country they planned to make their career".
