Is the convertible heading into the sunset?

Sophistication, freedom, rebellion or just the simple joy of taking to the open road with the wind in your hair. The convertible car used to represent all of these. But over the past two decades sales have collapsed, and its future seems deeply uncertain. So what's gone wrong?

In the 1950s and 60s, owning a convertible showed you had style. They were what the celebrities of the era were seen in.

When Hollywood deities Grace Kelly and Cary Grant were shown cruising along the French Riviera in a beautiful, sleek Sunbeam Alpine in To Catch a Thief, for example, they epitomised silver-screen elegance and savoir-faire.

Later films like The Graduate and Thelma and Louise helped cement the open top car's position as a symbol of escapism and rebellion for new generations.

For a while, convertibles were what people dreamed of buying, and manufacturers were happy to make them.

Yet today, the convertible is looking like an endangered species in the UK.

Over the past 20 years, sales of new open-tops have fallen by nearly 90%, from 109,171 in 2005 to just 11,484 last year, according to the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders.

That decline has coincided with a dramatic rise in Sports Utility Vehicles, or SUVs – large cars with at least a passing resemblance to four-wheel-drive off road vehicles. Last year they accounted for 59% of car sales across Europe, according to the research company Dataforce GmbH.

SUVs certainly have the kind of celebrity endorsement convertibles used to enjoy. Big is also bling, and today upmarket models such as the Lamborghini Urus, the Mercedes-Benz G Wagon or the Bentley Bentayga are widely favoured by today's reality TV stars, footballers and music artists.

What SUVs offer is some of the style and image of a convertible without the limitations an open top car creates, says Steve Fowler – a leading automotive journalist and founder of the car review website Carblah.

"It's a simple fact of people wanting more practicality these days," he explains. "I always say SUVs are sports cars for people who can't have sports cars any more. They've got that kind of image that perhaps a convertible used to have.

"And it's very difficult to put the kids, the dog, the bike, and everything else we have in our lives into a convertible."

Whether it's down to the rise of the SUV or not, demand for open top cars has fallen – and that makes manufacturers reluctant to build them.

"It costs so much money to build any car these days," explains Fowler. "And it's not just as simple as chopping the roof off...with safety regulations and everything else, you know there's a lot of work that goes into building a convertible."

Philip Nothard, insight director of Cox Automotive Europe agrees. "It's a very clear supply and demand marketplace," he says. "Convertibles are more expensive to manufacture, for a very small market share".