Forced adoption survivors to get full apology from UK government, says Phillipson

Downing Street is to make a full apology on behalf of the state to those affected by historic forced adoption in England, the education secretary has confirmed.

Bridget Phillipson, giving evidence to MPs on the education select committee on Wednesday, described it as a “shameful period” in the country’s history.

She said the prime minister would have more to say, but told MPs that all those whose lives had been affected by forced adoption would get the apology they “so profoundly deserve”.

Phillipson’s remarks followed an earlier report from the committee that said a formal and public apology was essential to correct the public record and reduce the burdens felt by many mothers and adoptees.

It urged ministers to provide an initial commitment to an apology and begin working with survivor groups as quickly as possible.

In her opening remarks to MPs, Phillipson said: “I know that you and the committee will want to hear that this government will very soon be making a full apology on behalf of the state to all of those affected by historic forced adoption in England.

“The prime minister will have more to say on this shameful period in our history, reflecting the gravity of what has happened. But here and now, let me say to all of those affected, you will get the apology that you so profoundly deserve.”

Between 1949 and 1976, an estimated 185,000 babies were taken from unmarried mothers and placed for adoption in England and Wales as a result of a culture of shame surrounding pregnancy outside marriage.

Religious organisations ran most of the mother and baby homes where pregnant women were sent to give birth. Charities and local authorities were involved in funding the placements and finding adoptive parents.

The Welsh and Scottish governments formally apologised for forced adoption practices in 2023, and the head of the Catholic church in England and Wales issued an apology in 2016.

Ireland and Australia have introduced financial compensation schemes after apologising for the coerced removal of children from unmarried mothers.

Helen Hayes, chair of the education select committee, previously said that hearing from survivors about their experiences was “one of the most moving days I have experienced in parliament”.

“Historical forced adoption practices coerced mothers and caused unimaginable trauma for multiple generations of women and profound, often devastating impacts for their children,” she said.

A report by the UK government’s joint committee on human rights in 2022 recommended ministers apologise to unmarried women who were “railroaded” into unwanted adoptions.

Responding to the report, the then-Conservative government said it was sorry “on behalf of society” for the way the women had been treated, but did not think a formal apology appropriate “since the state did not actively support these practices”.